Adjustable mouthpiece to boad-sckapers



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emrah STATES PATENT orare. 1 N

` SHADRAGH DAVIS, or DARTMOUTH; MASSACHUSETTS.

`ADJUs'rABLE MoUTHPIEoE To ROAD-sciaArnRs.

Speccationof Letters Patent No. 7,340, dated May 7, 1850.

T 0 all whom, it may concern Be it known -that I, SHADRACH DAVIS, ofDartmouth, in the county of Bristol and Commonwealth of Massachusetts,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Road-Scrapers orSoil-Excavators; and I hereby declare that the following is a full,clear, and eXac-t description of the construc-` tion and operation ofthe same, in connection with the annexed drawings, as hereafter referredto, and` which I make a part of this speciiication, viz: Figure l, beinga perspective view of the instrument when completed. Fig. 2, is a likeview of the main body, separated from the mouthpiece. Fig. 3 is a frontview, on a larger scale, of the mouthpiece; and Fig. l is an end view ofthe mouthpiece.

This description may be more clearly made and more readily understood bypresenting if under the three following heads viz. First, the main body,secondly, the mouthpiece; and lastly, the points or teeth.

l. In describing the main body, it will be sufficient to say, that it ismade like the well known road scraper, in a scoop form, with open front,having handles about three feet long, with sides and end hind piece fromnine to twelve inches high and about o-ne inch thick, of strong hardwood, with the bottom, and, top of the edge of the side pieces properlyironed, and about twenty* seven and half inches square. A bevel upward,of forty-ive degrees is made on the front edge of the bottom to cover abevel in the mouth piece, when the two parts are joined together. In theouter surface of the forward end of each side piece is cut a cavity orbed, half an inch deep, its forward section describing the arc of acircle A, B, in Fig. 2, whose radius from the center bolt C, is sixinches. In the circle of this arc is the set screws (Z, and the holes e,e, to receive the set Screw when the dip or pitch of the mouth piece ischanged as hereafter described.

The mouth piece represented by Fig. 3 is made of cast iron, cast in onepiece, except the points or teeth which are cast each separately.Although this be cast in one piece it has various forms in differentparts of it fitted both for its junction with the main body, and alsofor receiving the points or teeth. The bottom is seven inches, fore andaft, andtwenty-seven and half inches from sides, inclusive; its backedge being an inch thick, is beveled downward forty` five degrees tomatch the bevel upward, as already stated in the main body when joined.In the under surface of the bottom,

are cast ive cavities, directly under the.,

teeth 1, 2, 3, t, 5, which cavities correspond to the cav-ities in theteeth as hereafter described. In the top surface, are cast five` placesto receive these teeth. These places are five and half inches wideforward,taper ing three and one half inches, to the width of two inches,then continuing that width till they terminate in the bevel aforesaid.These places are cast with dovetailed grooves in the sides about half aninch deep, and so convex from side to side as to fill the cavities ofthe teeth hereafter described, as they slide into these places in adovetailed way. This bottom is made gradually thinner, terminatingforward in an edge. The sides of the mouth piece are about nine incheshigh, with parts extending backward beyond the botto-m, of size andshape fitted to fill thecavities or beds, in the forward ends of thesides of the main body as before described. The sides of the mouth piecealso are cast with shoulders on their inner surfaces, and of shapes ttedto rest vagainst the sloped ends of the sides of the main body, asrepresented at F in Fig. 2. These shoulders are of the same thickness,as the ends of the main body, against which they rest. And the wholethickness of these sides at the shoulders is one inch, made graduallythinner and terminating forward in edges. The mouth piece, being thus`pre pared, is joined to the main body and kept firmly in its place bythe center bolt o, and the set screw d, in Fig. l. This bolt and screware half an inch in diameter. The peculiar advantage of this joint,connecting the mouth piece to the main body, consists in regulating atpleasure, the dip or pitch of the teeth, to accommodate the improvementfourths of an inch thick in the center; and made gradually thinner,toward their points` `to uneven surfaces, and hard and loose soils.

and sides, until they terminate in an edge.-

They are five and a half inches wide, in the center, and ve and one-halfinches long --from the center, each way, eleven both ways) taperingthree and half inches each way, to the width of two inches, andterminating in points of two inches square. These teeth arecast withholes at one end half an inch an inch from those ends as represented by,fa .f7 fifa fa and ga gv gv'g'a ga 1n Flg 3'- is YT hese holes are madeto fasten the teeth to the bottom of the mouth piece when they are new,with screws; wilhelm;

the same purpose when Mphp pgiants a1;e;re -Vl'sdlls-HSG;'heveibercmeishorter. The'te''tliwn Figr'e"represented as fastened intheirappropriate places, when new, with screws, after having been slidinto the grooved places prepared for them in the bottom of the mouthpiece. These teeth combine many advantages over any other contrivanceheretofore in use. For being double pointed one is nearly equal to twoof those before used with but one point; being concave they are not soliable to be thrown out of the ground when in operation, and willcontinue sharp by use; being movable, when no longer lit for use,'theycan be replaced with others at trifling expense Without a new bed piece;and being concave and convex, suiicient strength is given them, withless weight of iron.

Fig. l, represents the instrumentror machine, with my improvementcompleted and ready for operation; the commo-n and well known fixturesbeing added, by which to apply the moving power.

I have described the several parts and the entire machine as todimensions, as applicable to one of a convenient size and strength forcommon uses by horses or oxen. VBut when it is wanted for removing sandbars in rivers or harbors, or deepening anchorage ground, and otherheavy operations, with steam or other great power, as it may be, itssize and strength must be increased accordingly. On land it may beoperated withor without wheels, andwin the water by any known appliancesadapted to the particular operation intended.

What I claim as my invention anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is- Yc Combining with the body of .a scraper, a mouthpiece'which can beadjusted to form various angles with the bottom of the scrapersubstantially in the manner and for the purposes herein described.

SHADRACH DAVIS.

Witnesses i CYRUs ALBEN, WESTON CLARK.

